| structural parts | fundamental question | aspect of reality | good arguments | bad arguments | |
| term | none (it’s a basic unit of meaning) | what it is | essences | clear | unclear |
| proposition | subject term + predicate term |
whether it is | existence | true | false |
| argument | premises
+ conclusion |
why it is | causes | valid | invalid |
Adapted from Peter Kreeft, Socratic Logic.